Highly populated areas of the world will become possibly uninhabitable and the resources on which modernity depends will become rarer and more expensive. Results could be as dramatic as flooded cities or as trivial as increased turbulence on transoceanic flights. Because of global climate change, resource depletion, and general environmental destruction, the rules that have governed our planet, and which have been the underlying basis of our society, are changing faster than we can appreciate, with consequences we cannot imagine.
The most obvious unravelling that we face is that of the environment. What are the grand challenges of the 21st Century for the world and specifically for Latin America? Of all the things going wrong, what should we be most worried about? In this essay, we begin by describing what we contend are the most critical global challenges, and then analyze how these will play out in the region that we are studying, Latin America. Will Latin American countries be up to the task of finally improving the life of their inhabitants? Environmental changes, persistent inequality, and increasing violence force millions of people throughout the region to live in a constant state of uncertainty. Latin America, like much of the developing world, will have to face serious challenges in the current century.
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